Term that encompasses a wide area of activity and whose meaning varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Generally it includes violations of Competition Law, Trademark infringement, false advertising, and predatory pricing. A few countries also include product comparisons in advertising as unfair competition. In some countries, particularly Japan, it may include “premiums,” e.g., “buy one get one free” and “two for the price of one” deals in retail stores. Also known as fair trade law.