Refers to the practice of outsourcing manufacturing to a third party manufacturer, typically called an OEM, often in China, Vietnam or another country. Leading contract manufacturers in the electronics industry include Flextronics (notable for making Apple iPhones), Foxconn (i.e., Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.), etc. In China and certain other Asian countries it is important to enter into NNN Agreements in conjunction with an OEM/ODM agreement to protect against copying, knock-offs and backdoor sales,